Papillomavirus infection is one of the most common viral diseases of the skin and mucous membranes. Almost every person at least once in his life is faced with one or another of its manifestations. More than 100 types of human papillomavirus (HPV) are known, each of which causes neoplasms of a certain type and location: papillomas on the body, mucous membranes, convex and flat warts on the arms and legs, genital warts and other growths. Papillomas can be single and multiple. Choosing an effective remedy for papillomas is not an easy task, so it is better to entrust it to a dermatovenereologist.
Types of HPV Medications
Medicines used in the treatment of HPV are divided into the following groups:
- Antivirals.
- Immunostimulants.
- Means for the destruction of neoplasms.
It is first necessary to determine the nature of the neoplasm: it is sometimes difficult to distinguish a papilloma from a mole or a condyloma. Then, using PCR analysis, establish the type of virus, since some of them contribute to the development of malignant neoplasms. Papilloma medications can be used in combination or separately.
Antivirals
Drug treatment of skin neoplasms caused by HPV is rarely complete without drugs from this group. They have a detrimental effect on the virus, prevent its reproduction and have an immunomodulatory effect.
Pharmaceutical preparations are especially popular, which are produced in several dosage forms: injections, tablets, suppositories, ointments and gels. Usually, with simple formations, local application may be sufficient.
Antiviral ointments and gels are prescribed before and after the procedure of laser therapy, electrocoagulation, and after that they provide high treatment effectiveness and prevention of relapses.
What are the indications for the appointment of systemic drugs against the virus:
- PCR-confirmed high and potentially high oncological risk HPV infection;
- several papillomas on the body (this indicates high HPV activity);
- primary and secondary immunodeficiency states (when the body cannot cope with the viral load on its own).
Antiviral drugs (injections and tablets) are contraindicated:
- during pregnancy;
- during lactation;
- with individual intolerance.
Most medications are available by prescription.
What antiviral drugs are considered the most effective and are able to get rid of papillomas?
Inosine tablets
The drug is available in tablets. It is one of the most popular remedies for papilloma today. The active substance is inosine (purine derivative). Has a complex effect:
- blocks the enzymes of the virus, causing its death;
- activates the production of interferon;
- activates lymphocytes;
- inhibits the formation of inflammatory mediators.
It is prescribed 2 tablets a day for 2 weeks, if necessary, it is possible to extend the course of treatment up to a month. Can be used in children over 3 years old.
During the reception, nausea, headache, exacerbation of gout may occur.
Medicines based on meglumine acetate and acridone
The drug is available in two forms: injection and tablets. The active ingredient is meglumine and acridone acetate. The mechanism of action is the induction of interferon.
Effects:
- antiviral;
- immunomodulator;
- anti-inflammatory.
Intramuscular injections of the drug are given every other day, up to 10 injections per course.
Means based on glycoside isolated from nightshade stems
Release form: solution for intravenous injections, ointment, spray gel inlay for the treatment of the oral cavity, intim spray gel for the treatment of papillomas on the genitals. The active substance is a glycoside isolated from nightshade stems.
It is a modern remedy against the virus with a wide spectrum of action:
- anti-inflammatory,
- immunomodulator,
- promotes tissue regeneration.
Intravenous injections are prescribed according to the scheme: the first 3 times in 2 days, the next 5 times in 3 days. Topical formulations and injections are generally well tolerated. Ointment and gel are allowed to use during pregnancy and lactation.
Immunostimulants
Multiple papillomas often indicate a malfunction in the body. Drugs of this group have a stimulating effect on the immune system. Before use, a consultation with an immunologist and an additional examination (immunogram) are necessary.
By themselves, immunostimulants cannot eliminate the external manifestations of human papillomavirus. But with a confirmed immunodeficiency, they must be included in the HPV treatment complex. They are compatible with antivirals, antibiotics, antifungals.
Immunostimulants are prohibited for use:
- during pregnancy;
- lactation;
- individual intolerance.
They are sold in pharmacies on prescription. Which of the drugs in this group is the most effective?
Compositions for destruction of papilloma
Drugs of this group have a direct medicinal effect on the papilloma. They contain aggressive components that destroy epithelial cells. Which of them are most popular among doctors and patients and are able to get rid of skin neoplasms associated with HPV?
freezing medicine
The papilloma is affected by a temperature of -57 ° C, which leads to a violation of its blood supply and necrosis. The drug is sold in pharmacies without a prescription.
The product should not be used on areas with delicate skin (face, axillary region, intimate areas) and on mucous membranes.
The kit includes a bottle containing a mixture of propane and dimethyl ether, a plastic holder and foam rubber applicators. In one session, several formations can be processed. The exposure time depends on the size of the papilloma, but should not exceed 40 seconds. The fall of the papilloma occurs in 10-14 days. To eliminate the formation, 1-4 procedures are required.
Drops based on methacrysol
Drops for external use with applicator included. This is a relatively new effective drug for papillomas. The main component is metacresol. It has a cauterizing effect, leads to the death of the virus and the destruction of the neoplasm.
The drug is applied to the elements very carefully, punctually. If a drop of the solution falls on healthy surrounding tissue, it should be immediately removed with a dry cotton swab. Small papillomas on the body are treated once, larger ones 3-4 times, with an interval of several minutes, after the previous layer has dried.
It is impossible to treat papillomas located in skin folds, interdigital spaces with the drug.
It is best to entrust the removal of neoplasms from the anogenital area to a medical professional.
Preparation based on a mixture of acids
The form of release is a bottle with a solution, a plastic applicator for local application and a glass capillary for the treatment of large areas.
The drug contains a mixture of acids: trichloroacetic, oxalic, nitric and lactic. Drops of the solution cause a chemical burn of the tissues, which leads to the mummification of the papilloma.
The agent is gently applied to the affected area until its color changes. After the effect of this drug on the papilloma, a crust forms on its surface, which disappears on its own after 10-12 days. If the effect is insufficient, the procedure should be repeated.
Results of treatment
After drug use, the DNA of the virus remains in the human body. The purpose of using drugs for papillomas is to get rid of external manifestations, strengthen immunity and achieve the transition of HPV infection to a latent form. Only local impact is possible with unique formations on the body. In other cases, its effectiveness is 25-50%.
What are the necessary conditions to obtain the best result?
- complete diagnosis;
- combined approach to treatment;
- selection of the optimal treatment regimen.
Therefore, the key to successful HPV treatment is to seek timely medical help. There are many drugs for papilloma, and a specialist must determine which is best for a person in each case.